

RC drilling rigs are commonly known as reverse circulation drilling rigs, air reverse circulation drilling rigs, or RC exploration drilling rigs, and are often simply called RC drills in the mining industry.
Their core function is to use the reverse circulation principle, utilizing high-pressure airflow to drive the drill bit to break rock formations while rapidly transporting rock cuttings to the surface through a double-wall drill pipe system. This drilling method achieves both high drilling efficiency and precise geological sampling.
Compared with traditional forward circulation drilling rigs, RC drilling rigs provide: Efficient large-diameter drilling capability, Faster drilling speed, Higher sample recovery rate, Lower drilling cost, Better sample accuracy, Strong adaptability in unstable formations.
As a professional reverse circulation drilling rig manufacturer, YG Machinery has supplied reliable RC drilling solutions for mineral exploration projects in Africa, South America, Southeast Asia, Australia and the Middle East.
RC Drilling Rig Parameters
| Technical Parameters | Unit | YG-400 | YG-500 | YG-600 | YG-800 | YG-1200 |
| Max drilling depth | m | 400 | 500 | 600 | 800 | 1200 |
| Hole diameter | mm | 105–305 | 105–400 | 105–450 | 105–550 | 105–800 |
| Recommended working pressure | MPa | 1.2–3.5 | 1.6–6 | 1.6–6 | 1.6–8 | 1.6–8 |
| Recommended air consumption | m³/min | 16–55 | 16–55 | 16–75 | 16–96 | 16–96 |
| Drill pipe length | m | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Recommended drill pipe diameter | mm | 89/102 | 102/114 | 102/114 | 114/127 | 127/146 |
| RC double-wall pipe diameter | mm | 89/102 | 102/114 | 102/114 | 114/127 | 127/146 |
| Feed force | T | 6 | 7 | 7 | 11 | 13 |
| Lifting force | T | 22 | 25 | 29 | 47 | 57 |
| Fast lifting speed | m/min | 20 | 23 | 29 | 29 | 30 |
| Fast feeding speed | m/min | 32 | 33 | 33 | 42 | 44 |
| Max rotary torque | Nm | 8000/4000 | 10000/5000 | 12000/6000 | 18000/9000 | 24000/12000 |
| Max rotary speed | r/min | 75/150 | 75/150 | 75/150 | 70/140 | 86/172 |
| Aux winch lifting force | T | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Mast stroke | m | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Travel speed | km/h | 10–35 | 10–35 | 10–35 | 10–35 | 10–35 |
| Gradeability | ° | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Machine weight | T | 11 | 12 | 12.5 | 17 | 23 |
| Overall dimensions (L×W×H) | m | 7×1.85×2.86 | 7×2.1×2.9 | 7×2.1×2.9 | 10.5×2.25×3.3 | 11.5×2.25×3.4 |
| Engine | / | Yuchai 92kW | Cummins 132kW | Cummins 132kW | Cummins 194kW | Cummins 264kW |


How Reverse Circulation Drilling Works?
The RC drilling process includes four key stages:
1. Site Setup: The crawler chassis stabilizes the rig in mining terrain. Drill pipes, hydraulic system, and air compressor are connected.
2. Drilling Operation: The hydraulic rotary head drives the drill string while compressed air powers the DTH hammer to break rock formations.
3. Reverse Circulation Sampling: Rock cuttings are lifted through the inner tube of the dual-wall drill pipe and transported to the surface.
4. Sample Separation: A cyclone separator separates air and rock chips, ensuring clean and accurate geological samples.
👉 This closed-loop system ensures high sample integrity and fast drilling speed.
Key Advantages of RC Drilling Rig
Compared with traditional drilling rigs, RC drilling rigs offer significant performance improvements:
- Faster drilling speed in hard rock formations
- High sample recovery rate (over 95%)
- Lower drilling cost per meter
- Reduced contamination in geological samples
- Strong performance in unstable and fractured formations
- Efficient large-diameter drilling capability
👉 These advantages make RC drilling ideal for modern mineral exploration projects.


Application of RC Drilling Rig
RC drilling rigs are widely used in global mining and geological industries:
- Mineral Exploration: Gold, copper, iron ore, lithium, nickel, and polymetallic deposits.
- Grade Control Drilling: Determining ore body boundaries and ore quality in active mines.
- Geological Survey: Subsurface structure analysis and resource evaluation.
- Energy Exploration: Geothermal drilling and early-stage oil & gas exploration.
- Infrastructure Investigation: Bridge, dam, and road foundation geological studies.
👉 RC drilling is most commonly used in early and mid-stage mining exploration.
RC Drilling Rig vs Core Drilling Rig
Unlike a hydraulic core drilling rig, which is designed to recover intact core samples for detailed geological analysis, an RC drilling rig delivers rock cuttings directly to the surface, providing faster drilling speed and lower operational cost. This makes RC rigs especially suitable for early to mid-stage mineral exploration.
Key Differences:
| Aspect | RC Drilling Rig | Core Drilling Rig |
| Sampling type | Rock cuttings | Continuous core |
| Drilling speed | Very fast | Slow |
| Operating cost | Lower | Higher |
| Sample contamination | Very low | Very low |
| Geological continuity | Moderate | Excellent |


Global Application Conditions
Our RC drilling rig is not limited to one type of ground condition. It performs effectively in:
- Hard rock formations (granite, basalt, etc.) — commonly found in South Africa, Australia, Canada
- Sand and gravel layers — widely seen in United States, Mongolia, parts of the Middle East
- Water-bearing formations — typical in West Africa (e.g., Guinea, Ghana), Southeast Asia
- Fractured and unstable geological zones — often encountered in Papua New Guinea, Peru, Chile
👉 This versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of mining and mineral exploration projects across global complex terrains.
Project Case: Gold Exploration in Ghana
A mining contractor in Ghana was conducting a gold exploration project in hard granite formations, where the drilling conditions were highly challenging. The client was struggling with slow penetration rates using traditional drilling equipment, unstable sample quality that affected geological analysis, and increasing fuel consumption that raised overall project costs and delayed exploration progress.
After evaluating the site conditions, YG recommended an RC drilling rig equipped with a dual-wall drill pipe system and a cyclone separator to ensure fast reverse circulation sampling and stable performance in hard rock layers.
After deployment, the project achieved significant improvements: drilling efficiency increased by around 40%, rock sample accuracy was greatly improved with reduced contamination, and overall operational costs were effectively lowered. The client was able to accelerate exploration progress and complete drilling tasks within the expected schedule.


What Affects RC Drilling Rig Price?
RC drilling rig price is influenced by several technical and configuration factors:
- Drilling depth capacity
- Compressor power and airflow
- Dual-wall drill pipe quality
- Chassis type (crawler or truck-mounted)
- Automation and dust collection system
- Engine brand and emission standard
Different exploration conditions require different configurations, which directly impact total equipment cost.
How to Choose the Right RC Drilling Rig?
When selecting an RC drilling rig, buyers should focus on:
- Target mineral type and drilling depth
- Required sample accuracy
- Local geological conditions
- Transportation and site accessibility
- Long-term operating cost and maintenance support
RC drilling rigs are most effective when integrated into a combined RC + core drilling exploration strategy.


FAQ: RC Drilling Rig
Q1: Can an RC drilling rig replace a core drilling rig completely?
No. It reduce the number of core drill holes required, but core drilling is still necessary for detailed geological analysis.
Q2: Is RC drilling suitable for water well drilling?
No. They are not designed for permanent water well construction.
Q3: What is the typical drilling depth of an RC drilling rig?
Most them operate between 100–500 meters, depending on configuration.
Q4: What industries use RC drilling rigs most?
Mining exploration, geological surveys, and mineral resource evaluation.
Why Choose YG Machinery?
YG Machinery designs RC drilling rigs specifically for real-world exploration environments.
- Optimized air circulation and sample recovery
- Durable structural design for harsh terrain
- Flexible configurations for different exploration stages
- Competitive pricing for large-scale exploration programs
- Export experience in multiple international markets
YG RC drilling rigs are built to balance efficiency, reliability, and cost control. Contact us to know more details now!【WhatsApp/WeChat/Phone】+86 13837115193.











